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principal normal form

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  • Normal form (natural deduction) — An inference of natural deduction is a normal form, according to Dag Prawitz, if no formula occurrence is both the principal premise of an elimination rule and the conclusion of an introduction rule. This logic related article is a stub. You can… …   Wikipedia

  • Smith normal form — The Smith normal form is a normal form that can be defined for any matrix (not necessarily square) with entries in a principal ideal domain (PID). The Smith normal form of a matrix is diagonal, and can be obtained from the original matrix by… …   Wikipedia

  • Jordan normal form — In linear algebra, a Jordan normal form (often called Jordan canonical form)[1] of a linear operator on a finite dimensional vector space is an upper triangular matrix of a particular form called Jordan matrix, representing the operator on some… …   Wikipedia

  • Frobenius normal form — In linear algebra, the Frobenius normal form, Turner binormal projective form or rational canonical form of a square matrix A is a canonical form for matrices that reflects the structure of the minimal polynomial of A and provides a means of… …   Wikipedia

  • Principal curvature — Saddle surface with normal planes in directions of principal curvatures In differential geometry, the two principal curvatures at a given point of a surface are the eigenvalues of the shape operator at the point. They measure how the surface… …   Wikipedia

  • Principal bundle — In mathematics, a principal bundle is a mathematical object which formalizes some of the essential features of a Cartesian product X times; G of a space X with a group G . Analogous to the Cartesian product, a principal bundle P is equipped with… …   Wikipedia

  • Principal-agent problem — In political science and economics, the principal agent problem or agency dilemma treats the difficulties that arise under conditions of incomplete and asymmetric information when a principal hires an agent. Various mechanisms may be used to try… …   Wikipedia

  • Principal component analysis — PCA of a multivariate Gaussian distribution centered at (1,3) with a standard deviation of 3 in roughly the (0.878, 0.478) direction and of 1 in the orthogonal direction. The vectors shown are the eigenvectors of the covariance matrix scaled by… …   Wikipedia

  • Principal ideal — In ring theory, a branch of abstract algebra, a principal ideal is an ideal I in a ring R that is generated by a single element a of R .More specifically: * a left principal ideal of R is a subset of R of the form R a := { r a : r in R }; * a… …   Wikipedia

  • Canonical form — Generally, in mathematics, a canonical form (often called normal form or standard form) of an object is a standard way of presenting that object. Canonical form can also mean a differential form that is defined in a natural (canonical) way; see… …   Wikipedia

  • Structure theorem for finitely generated modules over a principal ideal domain — In mathematics, in the field of abstract algebra, the structure theorem for finitely generated modules over a principal ideal domain is a generalization of the fundamental theorem of finitely generated abelian groups and roughly states that… …   Wikipedia

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